Boiling point of caesium9/27/2023 ![]() ![]() External exposure to large amounts of Cs-137 can cause burns, acute radiation sickness.In larger amounts, Cs-137 is used in medical radiation therapy devices for treating cancer in industrial gauges that detect the flow of liquid through pipes and in other industrial devices to measure the thickness of materials, such as paper, photographic film, or sheets of metal.Cs-137 is produced by nuclear fission for use in medical devices and gauges.Caesium-137 has a half-life of approximately 30 years, which means that after a period of 30 years, the amount of Cs-137 will have halved due to radioactive decay.A Cs-137 atom emits radiation in the form of medium-energy gamma rays, and to a lesser extent, high-energy beta particles.After being deposited onto the soil as radioactive fallout, it moves and spreads easily in the environment because of the high water solubility of caesium's most common chemical compounds, which are salts.With atomic explosions, it can travel very long distances in the air. Caesium-137 has a relatively low boiling pointof 671 ☌ and is volatilized easily when released suddenly at high temperature, as in the case of the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident.Caesium-137 was discovered by Glenn T.Cs- 137 is also one of the byproducts of nuclear fission processes in nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons testing.The most common radioactive form of cesium is Cesium-137 (Cs-137). Cesium (Cs) is a soft, flexible, silvery-white metal that becomes liquid near room temperature, but easily bonds with chlorides to create a crystalline powder.The small, round and silver capsule containing radioactive caesium-137 went missing in transportation through Western Australia.A Caesium-137 capsule lost in transit two weeks ago was discovered when a vehicle equipped with specialist detection equipment picked up the radiation.The melting point is the temperature at which the disruptive vibrations of the particles of the solid overcome the attractive forces operating within the solid.Ĭaesium – Properties Element Caesium Atomic Number 55 Symbol Cs Element Category Alkali Metal Phase at STP Solid Atomic Mass 132.9055 Density at STP 1.879 Electron Configuration 6s1 Possible Oxidation States +1 Electron Affinity 45.5 Electronegativity 0.79 1st Ionization Energy 3.8939 Year of Discovery 1860 Discoverer Kirchhoff, Gustav & Bunsen, Robert Thermal properties Melting Point 28.4 Boiling Point 669 Thermal Conductivity 36 Specific Heat 0.24 Heat of Fusion 2.092 Heat of Vaporization 67.Disclaimer: Copyright infringement not intended. At some point, the amplitude of vibration becomes so large that the atoms start to invade the space of their nearest neighbors and disturb them, and the melting process initiates. As a solid is heated, its particles vibrate more rapidly as the solid absorbs kinetic energy. The motion of individual atoms, ions, or molecules in a solid is restricted to vibrational motion about a fixed point. The atoms in a solid are tightly bound to each other, either in a regular geometric lattice (crystalline solids, which include metals and ordinary ice) or irregularly (an amorphous solid such as common window glass), and are typically low in energy. Solids are similar to liquids in that both are condensed states, with particles that are far closer together than those of a gas. The first theory explaining the mechanism of melting in bulk was proposed by Lindemann, who used the vibration of atoms in the crystal to explain the melting transition. When considered as the temperature of the reverse change from liquid to solid, it is called the freezing point or crystallization point. The melting point of a substance depends on pressure and is usually specified at standard pressure. Adding heat will convert the solid into a liquid with no temperature change. In thermodynamics, the melting point defines a condition where the solid and liquid can exist in equilibrium. ![]() ![]() When considered as the temperature of the reverse change from vapor to liquid, it is called the condensation point. The pressure at which vaporization (boiling) starts to occur for a given temperature is called the saturation pressure. The temperature at which vaporization (boiling) starts to occur for a given pressure is called the saturation temperature or boiling point. In thermodynamics, saturationdefines a condition in which a mixture of vapor and liquid can exist together at a given temperature and pressure. Note that these points are associated with the standard atmospheric pressure. Caesium – Melting Point and Boiling Point ![]()
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